Many devices come with the option of protecting your purchases by requiring a password when a purchase is made.
This behavior can also often be customized by, for example, removing the ability to make any in-app purchases, requiring a password for every purchase or requiring a password for every purchase outside of a given time frame.
With an Android based device you can also setup new user profiles and alter the settings for each profile. Parental/payment settings will vary by device and OS, please check the following articles for more details: